Archive for August, 2008

GOLDBERG ON FOOTBALL: Playing Hurt

Saturday, August 30th, 2008

LaDainian Tomlinson supports Shawne Merriman’s decision to eschew surgery and play as long as he can with two torn ligaments in his left knee.

“How do you tell a warrior to sit down?” San Diego’s star running back said of his teammate. “That’s what he is, a warrior. He’s trained for this. It’s hard to tell a guy to sit down.”

That warrior’s code is preached continually by coaches: play through pain.

But too often, following the code has consequences far more serious than who wins the Super Bowl.

That’s why Merriman’s decision to ignore medical advice is a bad one — a risk to his career and his future. And if he doesn’t do something about it, the Chargers should.

It’s in stark contrast with the situation of another star pass rusher, the New York Giants’ Osi Umenyiora, who has been declared out for the season with a knee injury that may not be as severe.

There’s also a whiff of the warrior code in the death last week of Gene Upshaw, a Hall of Fame guard and union leader whose pancreatic cancer wasn’t diagnosed until three days before his died.

Merriman, whose 39 1/2 sacks the last three seasons are the most of any NFL player, has tears in both the posterior cruciate and lateral collateral ligaments in his left knee, injured last December. He visited four different doctors, all of whom told him he needs surgery but left the decision up to him. As a “warrior,” he decided he would play. “If you give a football player a decision to play, you know, I’m going to play,” he said.

Bad move.

Umenyiora, who led the Giants with 13 sacks during their 2007 Super Bowl season, tore the lateral meniscus in his left knee on Aug. 23. He had surgery to repair it, almost surely ending his season.

From a medical standpoint, Umenyiora’s injury is considered less serious than Merriman’s, who eventually will have to undergo an operation that could need eight months of recovery. Umenyiora’s recovery time is estimated at four months. If the meniscus had been removed, he might have been ready to play in four weeks, meaning he would be available for most of the regular season.

But he and his team sacrificed the present for a healthier future.

Which brings us to Upshaw, who in the last couple of years of his life had been a target of retired players complaining they were denied long-term disability benefits from injuries incurred while playing. Some were players who had knee or hip replacements; others suffered from worse — dementia or Alzheimer’s from what many believe to be the effects of concussions.

He died on Aug. 20, just three days after he received his cancer diagnosis. That came only after his wife was finally able to convince him to go to a hospital. He had been complaining, according to close friends, that he had no energy.

There were signs even before that something was wrong.

People who saw him during the Hall of Fame induction weekend — Aug. 1-4 — noted that he had lost considerable weight — and among other things, his clothes looked too big for him. Upshaw brushed it off, saying he had been working out, as he did regularly.

Some bought it.

“He was going up and down all the time,” said Doug Allen, his former assistant at the union. “If he felt he was gaining weight, he’d work out as hard as he could to drop it.”

Obviously, it was more than workouts. But Upshaw’s mentality was typical of a Hall of Fame player who missed just one game in a career that ran from 1967-81. He played hurt and lived hurt, always trying to get back in the fray no matter what.

From the player’s perspective, it’s a complicated issue. How hurt am I? Do I really have to sit out and let everybody down? Will I pay a price?

At a recent dinner with three players, two of them Hall of Famers, the discussion inevitably turned to Upshaw, a friend of all of them.

One noted that during his playing years in the 1960s and ’70s, he was probably knocked unconscious 14 or 15 times and went right back into the game. He recalled being congratulated on an interception after one game.

“I didn’t even know I’d had one,” he said.

Another said he’d injured a knee and was set for surgery the following Tuesday. At the coach’s request, he held off, played and wound up skipping surgery all together. Today, that knee is fine — though he has pain in the other knee, which did undergo surgery following a separate injury.

That’s the Russian roulette of playing in the NFL, especially at a time when people were less aware of the long-term damage of injuries or concussions. The guy who was knocked out so many times fortunately retains all his faculties at age 67; the guy with the knee injuries is over 60, limps a little, but still plays golf.

Compared to some of their contemporaries, they’re lucky.

NFL rules approved just a couple of years ago are aimed at reducing the consequences of injuries. No one can be sent back into a game these days after being knocked out, for instance. And the decision to operate on Umenyiora’s knee may help ensure that he’ll be walking normally as he ages.

But Merriman’s decision, Tomlinson’s comment on it, and Upshaw holding out against symptoms that most people wouldn’t ignore, demonstrate the difference between many athletes and mere mortals.

Players often think of themselves as bulletproof.

If Shawne Merriman’s career, interrupted in 2006 by a four-game steroid suspension, is terminated early because he played when he shouldn’t have, blame the warrior mentality. But also blame the people who should have known better.

In three seasons, he’s played at an All-Pro level.

It would be a shame if he can’t do it for another 10.

Changes to Endangered Species Act Called Bad Science

Saturday, August 30th, 2008

Changes that the Bush administration is proposing to make to Endangered Species Act regulations just aren’t sound science, various scientists and conservation groups say.

They’re concerned that the loss of scientific oversight resulting from the changes will leave some species vulnerable to federal projects that could damage habitats.

The Endangered Species Act (ESA), signed into law by President Nixon on Dec. 28, 1973, does more than just provide for the creation of the Endangered Species List. The act also requires that “recovery plans” be drawn up and implemented to protect and ultimately restore the populations of endangered species, and it charges the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service with detailing and enforcing these plans.

The ESA “is one of our bedrock environmental laws,” said Melissa Waage, a campaign manager with the Natural Resources Defense Council, a non-profit advocacy group.

But the act also charges other federal agencies with “a special duty,” as Michael Bean, an environmental lawyer with the Environmental Defense Fund puts it, not to jeopardize these plans by authorizing, funding or carrying out activities that would further endanger any listed species. It is this duty that the proposed changes would affect.

“These changes will affect any federal project that affects any endangered species,” Bean told LiveScience. “It puts every endangered species at particular risk.”

Conservation tool

In the 35 years since its inception, the ESA “has allowed for many important successful conservation efforts,” said George Amato, a conservation biologist with the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

The proposed changes are “of grave, grave concern to conservationists,” Amato said, adding that it wasn’t just extreme environmental groups voicing their opposition, but “very, very mainstream efforts.”

Some of the act’s major successes at recovering populations of endangered animals include the bald eagle, grizzly bear, gray wolf, and American alligator. (Species covered under the act don’t just include familiar charismatic birds and mammals, but also invertebrates and plants.)

Of the species that have been placed on the list, 99 percent are still with us, Waage said.

Several prominent creatures on the Endangered Species List are also on a Red List of Threatened Species put out by the International Union for Conservation of Nature that monitors endangered species all over the world. These species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the immediate future, the IUCN states.

Amato, who works on many international conservation efforts, said that the ESA is “the single most important tool in conserving endangered species,” at least in the United States, and that it is held up as a model of the role that governments can play in conservation efforts all over the world.

Bean agrees with this sentiment and said that, in his opinion, the greatest accomplishment of the Endangered Species Act has been “in changing the behavior of other federal agencies” in relation to how their projects affect threatened wildlife.

It is precisely this accomplishment that the proposed changes threaten, conservationists say.

Bean also said the Fish and Wildlife scientists he has spoken with said they had no opportunity to weigh in on the changes, which were proposed by those in the service’s senior political levels.

Oversight

Since the 1970s, the Fish and Wildlife Service has had regulations in place that govern how other federal agencies consult with them on proposed projects, such as building a dam or highway, but also including any privately-funded projects that would require a federal permit, Bean said.

When a federal agency, for example the National Park Service or the Army Corps of Engineers, proposes a project, they must first determine if any endangered species are present in the area. If so, they must carry out a biological assessment to determine what, if any, impact the project may have on the species.

If they determine there will be an impact, they report it to the FWS, which does a more detailed examination and issues a written opinion on the project. If, however, the agency determines their project won’t have an impact on the species, they must still report to Fish and Wildlife, who must issue a letter agreeing with the agency’s assessment before the project can proceed. This consultation with the FWS often results in changes to proposed projects.

Making the changes proposed by the Bush administration would be “significantly gutting that consultation provision,” Waage said.

Best available science

The Interior Department, which houses the Fish and Wildlife Service, argues “that this is no big deal,” Bean said. They point out that usually the FWS agrees with a federal agency when they determine that a certain project won’t have any effect on an endangered species. Bean agrees that this is typically the case.

But, “the [FWS] doesn’t always agree,” Bean said. And it is the exceptions that he and others are worried about.

He cited a recent example where the Federal Emergency Management Agency argued that their practice of issuing flood insurance to new development in the Florida Keys did not hurt endangered species there. But the Fish and Wildlife Service argued that issuing flood insurance encouraged development in the Keys, and that development did threaten endangered species. A U.S Court of Appeals agreed with Fish and Wildlife and ruled against FEMA.

“If these changes had come into place, FEMA would have been able to make that decision,” without any input from the FWS, Bean said.

The oversight provided by the Fish and Wildlife Service reviews is necessary “to ensure that decisions aren’t being made for political reasons,” Amato said.

An official at the Interior Department said the agency is not trying to remove any informal consultation between federal agencies and the FWS.

“What we’re looking to do is remove some of the bureaucratic red tape … on common-sense projects” where it is agreed that no harm will come to any endangered species as a result of the project,” said Chris Paolino, a spokesman for the Interior Department.

“What this doesn’t do is offer a federal agency a sort of ‘get-out-of-jail-free card,’” Paolino said in a telephone interview. Any federal agency that did damage to an endangered species or its habitat would still be held responsible, he said.

The Interior Department has also argued that each federal agency has enough expertise now to determine whether their projects will harm endangered species. Bean said that while these agencies may have biologists, they are not necessarily as well-versed in evaluating conservation issues as FWS scientists are.

“They have an expertise that is unrivaled by any other agency,” he said.

Waage agreed, saying that the act requires the use of the best available science, which lies with the wildlife experts at the Fish and Wildlife Service.

Public comment

According to an Associated Press report, the public comment period for the proposed changes is only 30 days (set to end mid-September), which some conservationists and lawmakers say is too short. Many, including Bean, have requested an extension to the comment period.

“We always consider requests for extensions,” Paolino said. He added that no final decision has been made on whether to extend the comment period.

The Environmental Defense Fund and NRDC both plan to submit public comments criticizing the proposed changes; and Amato, Bean and Waage all said that they expect a very large, strong reaction to the changes from environmental groups, scientists and lawmakers alike.

Several senators, including Hillary Clinton and John Kerry, have sent a letter to Interior Department Secretary Dick Kempthorne, who will make the ultimate decision on whether or not to adopt the proposed changes, expressing their concern over the changes.

What impact the public comments will have is uncertain. Groups like the Environmental Defense Fund and NRDC that oppose the changes hope they will cause the administration to withdraw the proposal and leave the Endangered Species Act intact.

If the changes are enacted though, whether or not they stay will be up to the next administration, in which case, “this’ll be decided in November,” Amato said.

Dhoni`s father to recieve Rajiv Gandhi award on son`s behalf

Saturday, August 30th, 2008

The team comes first for Mahendra Singh Dhoni. He proved it again that he is a team man to the core when he decided to give the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award ceremony on Friday a miss so that he can sweat it out on the field with his team mates when India take on Sri Lanka in the `inconsequental` fifth ODI.

Dhoni`s father will recieve Rajiv Gandhi award from the President og India on his son`s behalf.

He is only the second cricketer in India to be bestowed with country`s highest sporting award, but the skipper expressed inability to collect the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna handed by Honourable President of India, citing personal reasons.

He had conveyed his unavailability to authorities concerned after consulting the BCCI. Confirming the news Ratnakar Shetty said, “Dhoni has decided to be present with the team in the fifth ODI which means he will be forced to miss the award ceremony. His father will be there to collect the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award.”

arlier Dhoni led India to a first ever series win in Colombo last night

Sweden’s Loch Ness monster possibly caught on camera

Friday, August 29th, 2008

Sweden’s own version of the Loch Ness monster, the Storsjoe or Great Lake monster, has been caught on film by surveillance videos, an association that installed the cameras said Friday.

The legend of the Swedish beast has swirled for nearly four centuries, with some 200 sightings reported in the lake in central Sweden.

“On Thursday at 12:21 pm, we filmed the movements of a live being. And it was not a pike, nor a perch, we’re sure of that,” Gunnar Nilsson, the head of a shopkeepers’ association in Svenstavik, told AFP.

The association, together with the Jaemtland province and local municipality of Berg, installed six surveillance cameras in the lake in June, including two underwater devices.

The project, which has so far cost some 400,000 kronor (43,000 euros, 62,500 dollars), is aimed at resolving the mystery of the Swedish Nessie.

The first sighting dates back to 1635 and the most recent to July 2007, with most speaking of a long, serpent-like beast with humps, a small cat or dog-like head, and ears or fins pressed against the neck.

The association employs one person full-time to review the recorded video footage each day.

In the images filmed Thursday and posted on a website dedicated to the Storsjoe monster (www.storsjoodjuret.nu), a long serpent-like being is seen swimming in the murky waters.

“A highly-advanced system on one of the cameras detected heat produced by the cells,” indicating that it was a live being, Nilsson said.

“It’s very exciting and quite spectacular,” he said.

He readily admitted however that the project was also “aimed at improving business around the lake.”

“The monster has helped us,” he added.

Some 20 more cameras are due to be installed soon, including one at a depth of 30 metres (100 feet) to catch any movements under the winter ice.

Study outcome won’t sway company on eye drug

Thursday, August 28th, 2008

What does a company do when there’s anecdotal evidence that two of its drugs are equally effective in treating a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, one costing patients $60 per treatment and the other $2,000?

In the case of Genentech Inc., nothing.

The company declined to seek federal approval for the cheaper drug, Avastin, to treat the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. Nor would it help finance — or cooperate with — a National Eye Institute study comparing the effectiveness and safety of Avastin, a cancer drug, and the more expensive eye drug, Lucentis.

The financial stakes stemming from the study are huge. Medicare officials estimate there could be 50,000 or more additional cases of macular degeneration a year. Treating just one year’s worth of new patients with Lucentis would cost $1.2 billion a year, compared with $60 million if they’re treated with Avastin, Medicare officials said.

Genentech is making no promises that it will act upon the trial’s final results, which are expected in two to three years.

The company has raised concerns that safety issues were not properly addressed. In particular, the trial doesn’t have enough patients to show some of the rare but serious side effects that could occur with use of the cheaper drug, the company contends.

“No matter the outcome, we continue to believe Lucentis is the most appropriate treatment for wet AMD,” said Krysta Pellegrino, a company spokeswoman.

Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels leak blood and fluid affecting the part of the eye that allows you to see fine detail.

Many eye doctors believe Avastin works just as well in treating macular degeneration even though it hasn’t been approved for that purpose. It’s not unusual for drugs to be used off-label — treating diseases other than ones the drug was approved for.

Both drugs target a protein that causes blood vessels in the back of the eye to grow, but Lucentis is a much smaller molecule. It was specifically designed — at great expense — to penetrate the retina.

Companies routinely help finance clinical trials, but such trials almost never pit two products from the same company against each other.

“It’s a very unusual situation where a company would be trying to compare its own drugs,” said Dr. Frederick Ferris, director of clinical research at the National Eye Institute. “I’m not sure usual situations are all that relevant in this particular case.”

Still, health officials pleaded with Genentech to participate in the clinical trial comparing the two drugs. At one point the company considered doing so by providing the medicines in masked, identical vials, according to e-mail exchanges obtained by the Senate Aging Committee.

“Good news is that the Board supports the proposed studies,” said one e-mail sent in June 2007 from Charlie Johnson, a company vice president, to Dr. Daniel Martin, the chairman of the study who works at the Emory University School of Medicine.

In the end, the board did not support the study. Martin made a final plea.

“The fact that we are comparing your drugs and you are not involved is very awkward and can easily give way to anti-Genentech sentiments,” Martin said. “The leaders of this study are only interested in answering the many scientific and patient management questions that we face with our patients every day, but some investigators and the press want this study to be more than that. Your involvement would be very helpful to both of our causes.”

Genentech routinely provides financial support for clinical trials, Pellegrino said in an interview. But in this case, she said, “Our resources would be better spent looking at other diseases where there are no treatments.

Dr. Philip Rosenfeld, who has treated hundreds of his eye patients in South Florida with Avastin, said Genentech had little economic incentive to help finance the trial — unless it was confident Lucentis was truly superior.

“By fact that they didn’t support the clinical study leads me to conclude that in reality there is no difference between the two drugs,” Rosenfeld said. “The result is clearly not in Genentech’s best interest.”

Avastin was approved to treat colon cancer in February 2004. It’s a genetically engineered product that inhibits the growth of blood vessels, thus denying tumors blood, oxygen and other nutrients needed for growth. It’s expensive, costing $2,200 for a typical treatment for colon cancer. However, for treating eye disease, pharmacy compounding firms split the drug into many tiny doses suitable for injection into the eye. That’s what brings the price down to about $60 per injection.

Rosenfeld said the study could put doctors at ease about potential litigation if they prescribe Avastin instead of the FDA-approved drug.

“I see this as a public health study, not only for us, but for the whole world. It gives everyone the license to use both drugs interchangeably,” Rosenfeld said. “Clearly, for Medicare it would make economic sense to put preference on the use of Avastin.

As lawmakers await the results of the trial, they are already considering what steps, if any, could be taken to steer the Medicare program to the less costly drug — if it’s indeed comparable.

An internal memorandum from congressional aides to the Senate Aging Committee’s chairman, Herb Kohl, D-Wis., recommends that lawmakers consider urging Medicare officials to pay no more for one drug than the other when it comes to treating the eye disease.

Medicare’s contractors already have authority to pay the same amount for items that achieve much the same result — such as hormones used to treat prostate cancer.

If the drugs are shown to work comparably, “it would surprise me if the contractors did not quickly use that concept,” said Dr. Steve Phurrough, director of coverage and analysis at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Pellegrino said it’s too early in the comparison trial to comment about the staff’s recommendation.

Pellegrino said Genentech’s pricing for Lucentis reflects the cost of developing the drug, which the FDA approved in June 2006. The development program included a clinical trial involving more than 6,000 patients at a cost of more than $45,000 a patient.

“It took decades and hundreds of millions of dollars to develop the drug,” she said.

Government wants slower ship speeds to aid whales

Wednesday, August 27th, 2008

The government on Monday recommended a speed limit for commercial ships along the Atlantic coast, where collisions with the endangered right whale threaten its existence.

About 300-400 of the whales are left in the wild, and they migrate annually between their southeastern Atlantic breeding grounds to feeding areas off the Massachusetts coast, intersecting busy shipping lanes.

The head of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said Monday the new limit, the first to be instituted on the East Coast for a marine creature, was needed to assure its survival. The rule would set a speed limit of 11.5 miles per hour (10 knots) within 23 miles (20 nautical miles) of major mid-Atlantic ports and throughout the whale’s breeding and feeding areas. The new regulation would cover ships 65 feet or longer and expire in five years if not renewed. Boats from federal agencies would be exempt.

“The bottom line is that this critically endangered species needs our help,” said retired Navy Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, the agency’s administrator.

But the latest version of the so-called ship strike regulation differs from a draft released more than a year ago that was delayed in part because of objections from Vice President Dick Cheney’s office and White House economists over the accuracy of the science linking ship speed to whale deaths.

“NOAA’s decision on these measures is based on the best data and scientific understanding available,” White House environmental adviser James L. Connaughton said Monday.

The option selected on Monday and released with an 850-page analysis of its environmental and economic impacts is narrower than the 34-mile-wide coastal speed zone first proposed for the mid-Atlantic coast by marine scientists in June 2006. Last year, in response to questions from the White House, agency experts said moving the speed-limit zone closer to shore in that region would be less protective of right whales.

On Monday, agency officials said the reduced area still covered 83 percent of all right whale sightings.

Environmentalists said the changes were the latest to come from an administration that has consistently bucked scientific research.

“What we have seen over and over again where economics and partisanship and political interests bump up against the science, science loses,” said Francesca Grifo, director of the Union of Concerned Scientist’s Scientific Integrity Project.

The analysis published Monday said the lower speed limit could cost ferry operators $8.6 million in lost revenues annually, and even have an effect on the whale watching industry, which is expected to lose $1.3 million under the proposed regulation. The economic impact would take more of a toll on high speed vessels, which travel at 28 to 45 mph, versus ships and boats traveling at the normal 14 to 18 mph.

A spokesman for the World Shipping Council, a trade association for the shipping industry, said Monday he saw no scientific or statistical support for a 11.5 mph speed limit around mid-Atlantic ports. The association has argued that this area, stretching from New York to Savannah, Ga., is “where the science is the weakest and the economic impact is the greatest.”

North Atlantic right whales have been protected by endangered species laws since 1970, yet despite warning systems around heavily traveled ports, aerial surveys to map whales in shipping lanes, and improvements in fishing gear, their population has yet to recover.

From 1970 to 1997, researchers documented 41 right whale deaths, 29 of which were caused by ship strikes or entanglement in fishing gear. From 1997 to 2001, about one to two right whales have died from ship strikes annually, federal officials said.

The speed limit would be the first to be set on the East Coast to protect a species. The National Park Service has a 15 mph speed limit in place off Glacier Bay National Park in Alaska to reduce lethal ship strikes for humpback whales. There are also speed restrictions in Florida to protect the endangered manatee.

Environmentalists also criticized the delay Monday, saying that since the rule was first proposed in June 2006 two right whales have died because of ship collisions.

Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam’ boringly unfunny

Wednesday, August 27th, 2008

“Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam”; Cast: Rahul Bose, Mallika Sherawat, Kay Kay Menon, Paresh Rawal, Pavan Malhotra; Director: Sanjay Chhel; Rating: *
'Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam' boringly unfunny
This film means to be quirky, cute and comical. It ends up being a crashing bore. And the sound of the crash that you hear could be those plaster-of-paris props that adorn the stage where the cast enacts the worst version of K. Asif’s imperishable romance “Mughal-e-Azam” ever conceived.

As often happens, the film must have sounded so much better on paper. All the accomplished actors who constitute the vast cast must have got the joke and agreed to do this intended satire about the goofy adventures of a stage troupe during the week of the 1993 Mumbai blasts.

Alas, Asif weeps in his grave. And so do we.

This is a political satire combined with a naughty comment on theatrical infidelity with Paresh’s sexy wife Mallika being wooed by a smitten Rahul (suitably wide-eyed and far removed from his Mallika-driven affections in “Pyar Ke Side Effects”).

Kay Kay, who had done a serious gritty film on the bomb blasts in “Black Friday”, slips into its satirical interpretation with astonishing fluency. As a bumbling cheesy ghazal singer with terrorist links (remember Naseeruddin Shah in “Sarfarosh”?), Kay Kay brings a sparkling tongue-in-cheek quality to the goings-on, a sparkle that the film doesn’t deserve. It fails to earn itself the committed devotion of such a distinguished cast.

Pavan, another fine actor, is also delightfully over-the-top as a sleazy gangster who gets as confused about the characters played by Kay Kay and Paresh (a bit of Kundan Shah’s “Jaane Bhi Do Yaaron” here) as we are about this film’s intentions.

Is this a theatrical film on play-acting? Or is it meant to be a cinematic interpretation of theatrical hi-jinks? Be that as it may, while Kay Kay goes from “Black Friday” to goofy Friday, Mallika (god bless her costume designers) goes from “Murder” to blue murder. Watching her do a re-mix of “Pyar kiya to darna kya”, Madhubala must be smirking in her grave.

If Mallika’s “Murder” on infidelity was a path-breaker (at least as far as sexual audacity goes) her attempts to flirt from the pokey stage with her besotted spectator right under her suspicious husband’s watchful eyes can at best be described as “Pati Patni Aur Woh” gone to the dogs.

Chhel has always been a capable wordsmith. As a director, he had his polished moments in “Khubsoorat” where Sanjay Dutt turned ugly duckling Urmila Matondkar into a swan.

One is never sure if Mallika is the duck or swan in “Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam”. All one knows at the end of this horrifically hammy ode to a hammy theatre company’s outrageous attempts to save Mumbai from the underworld (yeah, but who saves us from this film?) is that there is no more than perhaps seven minutes of bonafide humour in the entire tale.

The dialogues are either dreadfully double-meaning or primary school gags. RDX and R.D. Burman are equated for laughs. But the film has neither Burman’s melodiousness now the explosive quality of RDX.

India putting in place national knowledge network: PM

Tuesday, August 26th, 2008

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Tuesday said his government was putting in place a national network to facilitate sharing of knowledge and information among higher educational institutions of the country.

“We are putting in place an Integrated National Knowledge Network that would have nodes to all major institutions of higher education and learning,” Manmohan Singh said in his speech at a function in the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati.

“This network would help our institutions of higher learning to connect with each other and carry on the relevant interdisciplinary dialogue,” he added.

The prime minister said: “Collaboration and co-creation are becoming the hallmark of higher education today in an increasingly democratizing and globalised world”.

“Academic resources can then flow from institutions like IITs, IIMs, national research institutions and universities into each other enriching every participating institution.

“The first phase of the network will become functional before the end of this year and this IIT at Guwahati will be part of it,” he added.

He said the government is trying to universalize quality elementary education through the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan scheme. “We are beginning a major expansion of secondary schooling.”

He said they are committed to building eight new IITs, seven new IIMs, 16 new central universities, 14 world class universities and five new Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research of which few are already functioning.

“We have tried to address the uneven geographical spread of higher education facilities in this phase of rapid expansion. The northeast, and in particular Assam, has received its due share of such institutions,” the prime minister said.

Of the eight proposed IITs, six have already started operation from the current academic session. With six new IITs coming into operation, India has a total of 13 IITs, known as the best engineering and technology institutes of the country.

12 states sue EPA over refinery carbon emissions

Tuesday, August 26th, 2008

New York and 11 other states are suing federal environmental regulators over greenhouse gas emissions from oil refineries, the New York attorney general’s office said on Monday.The suit, led by New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo, charges that the Environmental Protection Agency violated the federal Clean Air Act by refusing to issue standards, known as new source performance standards, for controlling global warming pollution emissions from oil refineries.

“The EPA’s refusal to control pollution from oil refineries is the latest example of the Bush Administration’s do-nothing policy on global warming,” Cuomo said in a release. “Oil refineries contribute substantially to global warming, posing grave threats to New York’s environment, health, and economy.”

In ruling last year, the Supreme Court found that the EPA has the power to regulate greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act.

Since then, the EPA head has said it is Congress’ job to regulate emissions of gases blamed for warming the planet.

Coalitions of states have also sued the EPA to require it to set standards for global warming emissions from power plants and to uphold the right of states to regulate pollution emissions from automobiles.

Monday’s suit, filed in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, said about 15 percent of U.S. industrial emissions of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, come from crude refineries, which burn some oil as they make products like gasoline and jet fuel.

The suit seeks to force the EPA to control oil refinery emissions of greenhouse pollution and to order the agency to adopt the standards.

The EPA did not immediately return phone calls about the suit.

Antipsychotic medications up elderly patients’ death risk

Tuesday, August 26th, 2008

A new study has found that elderly patients who are prescribed a conventional, or first-generation, antipsychotic medication are at an increased risk of death from cardiovascular or respiratory diseases as compared to those who take an atypical, or second-generation, antipsychotic medication.

The new study contributes to growing evidence that conventional antipsychotics may not be safer than atypical anitpsychotics for the elderly.

Researchers had previously identified that such second-generation medications may pose increased mortality. The new study compares specific causes of death among elderly patients newly started on conventional vs. atypical antipsychotics.

Elderly patients are often prescribed antipsychotic medications to treat mental health symptoms and related conditions. These medications are commonly prescribed to Medicare patients in nursing homes.

In recent years, clinicians have increasingly prescribed second-generation medications that generally have fewer neurological side effects than first-generation antipsychotics.

In 2005, after studies suggested second-generation antipsychotics increased the risk of death by 60 percent in elderly patients with dementia, the FDA issued a public health advisory, which did not extend to first-generation antipsychotics.

However, the new study provides additional evidence of the risks associated with first-generation versions for elderly patients.

While this study does show an association with cardiovascular deaths, further studies will be needed to confirm this association.

Researchers at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital DECIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness) team in Boston, examined records of all seniors in British Columbia who took either first-generation or second-generation antipsychotics between 1996-2004, including 12,882 patients who commenced use of conventional and 24,359 patients who began a regimen of atypical antipsychotic medications.

Of 3,821 total deaths within the first 180 days of use, cardiovascular deaths accounted for 49 percent of the excess deaths.

The study appears online in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.